Breaking the Rules

雪儿 · 发表于: 2011-10-6 13:45:51

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Boy on Trampoline

Photograph by James Nachtwey, National Geographic

Learn the rules of photography—then break them. While the conventional guidelines provide an important framework, once you learn the basics, there are no limits to personal expression.

Break the Rule of Thirds
A basic rule of composition is to divide your frame into thirds and then place the subject at the intersection of the lines, or "sweet spots," allowing the eye to take in the entire scene.

Powerful images can also be created by placing your subject in the center, especially when there is symmetry and a strong point of reference, as in this image of children playing on a trampoline in South Africa. The energy of the jumping boy in the center is enhanced by the fact that the eye is drawn directly to him, while the children on either side form a pleasing frame.

雪儿 · 发表于: 2011-10-6 13:46:54

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Bonanza Creek Ranch

Photograph by Raul Touzon, National Geographic

A red barn is part of Bonanza Creek Ranch, a working ranch and movie set.

Tilt Your Camera
Keeping the horizon line—and overall scene—straight is an important rule of photography when composing for almost any landscape. However, an intentional and dramatic tilt of the camera can add a dynamic twist to your shot, transforming the scene from the expected to something surprising.

雪儿 · 发表于: 2011-10-6 13:47:21

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Ballerina

Photograph by Joseph Valdivia, Your Shot

A ballerina performs in Rochester, Minnesota.

Create Movement Blur
What might start out as the unintentional result of a shaky camera can actually be quite compelling—and lend just the right mood to your shot. Try shooting at slow shutter speeds to deliberately blur your subject. To provide a point of reference, keep a small portion of the shot sharp. In some cases, if the subject is graphic enough, a blurred shot can result in a beautiful and abstract image.

雪儿 · 发表于: 2011-10-6 13:48:51

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Three Boys in Midair

Photograph by Amy Toensing, National Geographic

Young men jump off a bridge into the Mulwala Canal in Deniliquin, Australia.

Take Photos in the Middle of the Day
Early morning and late afternoon are often cited as the ideal time to shoot: With the sun lower in the sky, the light has mellower tones and creates long shadows. But sometimes the harsh midday light can lend the right mood to your subject, and the compact, distinct shadows work to your advantage.

雪儿 · 发表于: 2011-10-6 13:49:15

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Amish Women on Beach

Photograph by Johnny Nicoloro, National Geographic

Amish women walk on a beach in Waveland, Mississippi.

Reverse the Active Space Rule
Rather than leave space in the frame for your subject to move into, as the active space rule suggests, try to do the opposite. Photographing your subjects moving out of, rather than into, the frame creates a sense of movement—and interest about what is being left behind.

雪儿 · 发表于: 2011-10-6 14:17:10

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Woman in Raft

Photograph by Randy Olson, National Geographic

A woman floats in a raft on Kuril Lake in Kurilskoye Lake Preserve in Kamchatka, Russia.

Embrace Negative Space
Empty space does not mean wasted space. Think of the empty space as an object, and lend the same consideration to its placement as you would other elements in the frame. In this case, negative space and framing work in tandem to reinforce the tranquil and dreamy mood.

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[2011年] Breaking the Rules

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