米格伦
而现在市场上流通的希特勒作品,是库亚乌遗留的作品,还是有新的“伪造大师”,我们现在还不得而知。威德勒拍卖行似乎是这些“伪作”交易的中心点,不过他们的工作人员,并不承认自己在卖“假画”。
调查记者Droog和Jaap vanden Born提醒警方,希特勒的画里没有湖水和山庄,威德勒拍卖行的拍品是被遗漏的伪作。
据《纽约时报》报道,当拍卖会结束后,有一位身着定制西装的男子进入拍卖室询问拍卖是否还在进行,工作人员说拍卖已经结束,但可以安排两天后私下看画。
一周后,“无人问津”的希特勒湖边山庄水彩画,以3万欧元的价格卖给了一位私人买家。
心理学家斯金纳曾经这样“残害”实验室里的小白鼠。他做了一个“斯金纳箱”,小白鼠按下按钮后,可以得到食物奖励。小白鼠们以为,食物是因为按下按钮得到的。斯金纳提供了几种给予奖励的方式:每隔一段固定时间给一次固定奖励,小白鼠吃到奖励后就不会再按按钮,因为它们知道短时间得不到奖励;而如果不固定时间地掉落数量不等的奖励,就像老虎机对人类的刺激一样,你猜小白鼠会怎样?它们会在很长一段时间内不断地按按钮。
这些希特勒的“伪作”,对有些投机者来说,就是历史留给他们的“斯金纳箱”吧。“按按钮”本身到底有什么意义,希特勒的画本身到底有什么价值,对他们而言已经不重要了。
本文参考资料:
《纽约时报》:Are These Paintings Really by Hitler? German Authorities AreInvestigating
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/06/arts/design/hitler-paintings-fake.html
《纽约时报》:Court Ruling Leaves Hitler's Paintings in U.S.Hands
https://www.nytimes.com/2003/06/08/us/court-ruling-leaves-hitler-s-paintings-in-us-hands.html
The art newspaper:Faking Hitler:the storybehind a sinister market
https://www.theartnewspaper.com/news/faking-hitler
The art newspaper:Hitler watercolours seizedas suspected fakes
https://www.theartnewspaper.com/news/hitler-watercolours-seized-as-suspected-fakes
The art newspaper:Nuremberg prosecutor seizes63 Hitler works from auction house on forgery suspicions
https://www.theartnewspaper.com/news/nuremberg-prosecutor-seizes-63-hitler-works-from-auction-house-on-forgery-suspicions
BBC:The art hidden from Nazi bombs
http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20180413-the-art-hidden-from-nazi-bombs
BBC:Facebook urged to block Nazi relic sales
https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-43667286
《纽约客》:Hitler as Artist
https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2002/08/19/hitler-as-artist
《华盛顿邮报》:The Art of Evil
https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/magazine/2002/04/21/the-art-of-evil/7e9942a3-39cb-4a11-ad86-cac0210e214d
DM.com:《伪造希特勒日记》
https://www.dw.com/zh/%E4%BC%AA%E9%80%A0%E5%B8%8C%E7%89%B9%E5%8B%92%E6%97%A5%E8%AE%B0/a-16767937
The New European:Why are people buying Hitler’s art?
https://www.theneweuropean.co.uk/culture/why-are-people-buying-hitler-s-art-1-4853822
《卫报》:Litteredwith fakes:why the Hitler art trade is such a sick joke
https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/jonathanjonesblog/2015/jun/22/why-the-adolf-hitler-art-trade-is-just-a-sick-joke-nuremberg-watercolours-auction
《卫报》:Hitler's art of flowers and fairytale castles sells for 280,000 atauction
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jun/21/hitlers-art-of-flowers-and-fairytale-castles-sells-for-280000-at-auction
《每日电讯报》:Adolf Hitler painting sold at7,000 loss by woman because she hated it
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/howaboutthat/3525867/Adolf-Hitler-painting-sold-at-7000-loss-by-woman-because-she-hated-it.html